Tipe Echolokasi serta Struktur Larynx pada Miniopterus dan Rhinolophus

Abdul Rachman (1) , Johanes Sugiyanto (2) , Luthfi Nurhidayat (3) , Ardaning Nuriliani (4) , Aswi A. Rofiqoh (5) , Agus Hermawan (6) , Roesma Narulita (7)


(1) 
(2) 
(3) 
(4) 
(5) 
(6) 
(7) 


Abstrak


A bat is the only mamal with true flight ability and have capability to perform echolocation. Miniopterus  and Rhinolopus  are bat species that have some different morphological characteristics but both of them commonly live in the cave. The research were purposed to study the differences and connection of echolocation call type and larynx’s structure of Miniopterus and Rhinolopus  The two bat species were collected from 20th and 23th cave of Japanese Cave Complex, Kaliurang, Sleman, Yogyakarta. Specimens were taken to the laboratory for further analysis. Echolocation signals of both bat species were recorded using ultrasonic microphone and were analyzed with Batscan 9.0 software. Specimens were subjected for anatomical and histological structure analysis of the larynx. Anatomical structure observations were carried out with specimens dissection and they were fixed in 20% formol solution. Some samples of larynx of each species were processed and stained with Alizarin Red’s-Alcian Blue staining for larynx’s bones observation. Histological preparation of larynx was performed using paraffin method and stained with Hematoxylin-Eosin and MAF. The results showed that echolocation signals of Minipterus  have lower frequency (peak frequency between 44.1-51.6kHz) compared to that of Rhinolopus  (peak frequency between 54.4-64.1 kHz). However, Miniopterus  has better ability to modulate the signal frequency than Rhinolopus  Both species are able to produce a long-duration signal but Rhinolopus  can produce longer signal duration. These results can be related to the differences of larynx’s anatomical and histological structure of both species which are equally able to keep the intensity of echolocation signals but have different work mechanisms.

Kata Kunci


echolocation, structure, larynx, Miniopterus, Rhinolopus

Teks Lengkap:

PDF

Referensi


Altringham, J. D., 1996. Bats: Biology and Behaviour, Oxford University Press.

Arita, H.T. and Fenton, M.B., 1997. Flight and echolocation in the ecology and evolution of bats. Tree, 12(2):

Bancroft, J.D. and Cook, H.C., 1988. Manual of Histological Techniques, Churchill Livingstone, New York.

Brinklov, S., Kalko, E. K. V., and Surlykke, A., 2009. Intense echolocation calls from two ‘whispering’ bats, Artibeus jamaicensis and Macrophyllum macrophyllum (Phyllostomidae). J Exp Biol, 212: 11-20.

Conole, L. E., 2000. Acoustic differentiation of Australian populations of the large bentwing-bat Miniopterus schreibersii (Kuhl, 1817). Australian zoologist, 31(3).443-446

Disbrey, B.D., and Rack, J. H., 1970. Histological Laboratory Methods, E. & S. Livingstone, Edinburg.

Griffiths, T. A., 1978. Modification of m. cricothyroideus and the larynx in the Mormoopidae, with reference to amplification of high-frequency pulses. J Mamm, 59(4): 724-730

Grinnell, A. D., 1995. Hearing in bats: An overview, in Popper, A. N. & Fay, R. R. (eds). ‘Hearing by bats’, Springer-Verlag.

Hill, E. and Smith D., 1984. Bats. A natural history. Published by British Museum. London.

Mergell, P., Fitch,W. T., and Herzel, H., 1999. Modeling the role of nonhuman vocal membranes in phonation. J Acoust Soc A, 105(3): 2020–2028.

Moss, C. F. and Sinhay, S. R., 2003. Neurobiology of echolocation in bats. Current Opinion in Neurobiology, 13:751-758.

Neumann, I. and Schuller, G., 1991. Spectral and temporal gating mechanisms enhance the clutter rejection in the echolocating bat, Rhinolophus rouxi. J. Comp. Physiol. A, 169:109-116

Neuweiler, G., 2003. Evolutionary aspects of bat echolocation. J. Comp. Physiol. A, 189: 245–256

Nowak, R. M., 1999. Walker’s Mammals of theWorld, 6th edn. Johns Hopkins University Press

Obrist, M. K., Boesch, R., and Flückiger, P. F., 2004. Variability in echolocation call design of 26 Swiss bat species: consequences, limits and options for automated field identification with a synergetic pattern recognition approach. Mammalia 68(4): 307-322.

Speakman, J. R., 1993. The evolution of echolocation for predation. Symp. zool. Soc. Land., 65: 39-63.

Suthers, R.A. 2004. Vocal mechanisms in birds and bats: a comparative view. An Acad Bras Cienc, 76(2): 247-252.

Suyanto, A. 2001. Kelelawar di Indonesia. Puslitbang Biologi LIPI. Bogor.

Ulanovsky, N. and Moss, C. F., 2008. What the bat’s voice tells the bat’s brain. PNAS, 105 (25): 8491–8498.

Vincent, S, Nemoz, M., and Aulagnier, S., 2011. Activity and foraging habitats of Miniopterus schreibersii (Chiroptera, Miniopteridae) in southern France: implications for its conservation. Hystrix It. J. Mamm. (n.s.), 22(1): 57-72.


Article Reads

Total: 1381 Abstrak: 594 PDF: 787

Article Metrics

Metrics Loading ...

Metrics powered by PLOS ALM

Refbacks

  • Saat ini tidak ada refbacks.


 

Jumlah Kunjungan Harian

Satu bulan terakhir

Tampilkan laporan lengkap Google Analyticsdi sini
 

Laman ini dikelola oleh:
Bio Publisher
The Faculty of Biology Publishing

Laman ini dikelola oleh:
Penerbitan Fakultas Biologi
Universitas Jenderal Soedirman
Jalan dr. Suparno 63 Grendeng
Purwokerto 53122

Telepon: +62-281-625865
Email: biologi@unsoed.ac.id

Laman ini menggunakan:
OJS | Open Journal System
Software pengelolaan jurnal ilmiah online. Versi yang digunakan adalah 2.4.8.0.

Metadata artikel terdaftar di:
Crossref
Agen resmi internasional pendaftaran Digital Object Identifier (DOI)

Artikel jurnal ini terindeks:

Daftar indeks »